Namaqualand Archives - Page 3 of 11

Argyroderma fissum (Vingertjies, vingervygies)

A. fissum is said to be the most primitive of the Argyrodermas.
Often the word primitive has a somewhat negative connotation, but in biology that is not the case. There it means things such as:
characteristic of an early stage of development or
not very much evolved from its ancestors and therefore less specialised.
The result is that A. fissum looks rather different from other species in the genus.

It is the most common and widespread Argyroderma, occurring from N. of Klawer to N. of Bitterfontein, often found on loamy flats and hillsides next to quartz gravel and in full sun. It often occurs in great numbers.
The rainfall in the area is less than 100 mm per year and typically occurs in winter.

With age the plants form mats of up to 30 cm across. As they get older, the centre dies off, but new branches keep appearing at the outside of the clumps.
The leaves are finger-shaped, 1.2-6 cm long and 0.8-1.8 cm wide and grey-green to bluish-green, often with yellowish or purplish tips and margins.
There is a great variation in the colour and size of the flowers; they are up to 4.5 cm in diameter and may be yellow, mauve or magenta, sometimes bright red, often with a white centre. They appear in June – September.

Conophytum subfenestratum (a.k.a. C. pillansii)

Predominantly a Knersvlakte species, it occurs rather widespread from northeast of Bitterfontein to just north of Vanrhynsdorp in shale and on loamy flats covered with quartz, rarely on low quartz ridges.
On these ridges, the plants often form clusters, but as a rule they are single.
The smooth or shortly fuzzy bodies are up to 2,5 cm long and in diameter, globose, but flattened and slightly lobed on the top. They are pale green to yellowish or reddish at the end of the growing season, densely spotted with translucent dots, which usually coalesce to form an indistinct window (subfenestratum = somewhat windowed). Usually the bodies are buried up to their windows.
The slightly scented flowers are open during the day, up to 2 cm in diameter, pale to deep pink or magenta, rarely white. They appear in March-May.

Cheiridopsis denticulata (C. candidissima)

Forming dense clumps of up to 25 cm tall and 40 cm across, this may well be the most robust species in the genus.
It has silvery white to pale bluish grey (sometimes grey-green) leaves up to 11 cm long and 1.5 cm thick; they are triangular in cross-section and sometimes toothed (to quote “Plants of the Greater Cape Floristic Region”: absent one year but fiercely present the next). When no teeth are present, plants may be easily confused with C. robusta.
The flowers are big (up to 7 cm in diameter), on long, sturdy stalks. They may be white, cream-coloured or pale yellow, are often purplish at the tips and on the outside and appear in August-September. The fruits have 12-20 compartments.

The species is widespread on sandy flats and slopes (also often growing in dry river beds) in Namaqualand (from the south-eastern Richtersveld south to Bitterfontein).

#1: mid May 2007

# 2,3 and 4: mid July 2011

#5: late August 2007

# 6 and 7: late August 2016

Diplosoma luckhoffii

There’s still a lot to learn about these intriguing dwarfs.
They are said to be short-lived and surviving lengthy droughts only as seed. According to others, in the resting state the plants are just almost invisible because at that time so little of them remains at or above ground level.
In the growing period they have highly succulent, soft and tender leaves of which the surface is covered with big cells looking like blisters.
Including the flower (to 3 cm in diameter) the plants are up to 3 cm tall. The flowering period is June to September.

The plants are only known from a few localities in the Vredendal – Vanrhynsdorp area, where they sometimes form dense groups in suitable places (hills of very saline soils covered with quartz gravel). The rainfall here is between 75 and 200 mm per year.

According to some sources, cultivation is very difficult. Others say the plants are easy to grow as long you bear in mind they are winter growers and maintain a strict resting period without any watering but with ample shade.

The pictures were taken in mid-August 2018, at about 10.30 in the morning, unfortunately too early for showing the flowers (they only open around noon).

Cephalophyllum pillansii

One of the compact Cephalophyllums, with blue-green to bright green leaves up to 13 cm long.
The flowers have yellow petals and purple-red to brown stamens; they appear from June to September.
The fruits have 10-20 compartments; the old ones often lie in a ring around the plant.

Occurring on loamy soil on flats in western Namaqualand.

Like many other Cephalophyllums, this is often a pioneer in disturbed places, such as roadsides. Together with the spectacular flowering, this makes it a very suitable garden plant and it is therefore commonly cultivated.

With Drosanthemum schoenlandii in the background

Lampranthus glaucus

Often cultivated for its showy flowers, this is a small shrub (to 25 cm tall) with erect to decumbent* branches.
The leaves are fused at their bases, compressed 3-angled in cross-section to sword-shaped, 0.6-3 cm long, rough with green dots and glaucous (covered with a greyish waxy bloom).
Usually the golden-yellow to lemon-yellow (rarely pale yellow-white) flowers are solitary. They are up to 3 (-5) cm in diameter and appear in June-October.

Occurring from the Gifberg to Cape Peninsula on seasonally wet sandstone or loam soils.
Pictures taken on the Gifberg, August 11 of this year.

* lying flat on the ground with raised tips.

Cleretum (papulosum ssp.) schlechteri

These small annual plants have up to 6 cm long, strap to racket-shaped leaves which are covered with glistening bladder cells.
The yellow flowers have long stalks and are relatively large (about 4 cm in diameter); they appear in July-October.

Usually found in disturbed, sandy places from Springbok to Kamieskroon en Nieuwoudtville. Photos taken 8 August 2018 just north of Gifberg.

Delosperma crassum

Both the current name and its synonym D. robustum refer to the unusually sturdy appearance of this species compared to other Delospermas.

The plants form erect shrubs up to 30 cm tall, with a basal stem up to 4.5 cm in diameter. They have yellowish brown branches, which are covered in small papillae when young.
The leaves are erect to spreading, more or less round in cross-section, 1.5-2.5 cm long and up to 3 mm thick, bright green and velvety.
In July-August the mainly straw-coloured flowers appear; they are solitary and up to 2.5 cm in diameter, with a few staminodes (yellow with a white base) .

The distribution area is from Kamieskroon to Vredenburg and the plants are found on stony ground.
Pictures were taken earlier this month on the Knersvlakte.

Aloe falcata

Usually this species forms dense groups of 20-40 cm tall rosettes (stemless or short-stemmed), which face outwards and often almost lie on their sides.
Each rosette has about 20 incurved leaves of about 30×7 cm; they are green to greyish green and firm in texture, with rough, sandpaper-like surfaces and margins with reddish-brown teeth.
The nodding, 4 cm long flowers are dull red to pale scarlet (rarely yellow), appear in December and are arranged in branched inflorescences up to 60 cm tall.
This beautiful species occurs on arid, sandy flats from the Richtersveld to Loeriesfontein, Calvinia and Klawer. Unfortunately it does not thrive outside its natural habitat.

Falcata means sickle-shaped, referring either to the curved flower stalk or to the leaves curving inwards (both possibilities are mentioned in literature).

All pictures were taken just south of Vanrhynsdorp late July 2017, apart from the last one, which shows a plant growing near the office buildings of the Tanquana Nat. Park.

Antimima solida

The first name that comes to mind on seeing a plant of this species is probably Argyroderma fissum (unless you are a real expert of course).
The two species share the same growth form as well as size and shape of the leaves; often they also grow near to each other. Fortunately the fruits are rather different and stay on the plants for a long time. (The Antimima has fruits with 5 locules, whereas in Argyroderma fruits there are at least 10 compartments).
The finger-shaped leaves are up to 3 cm long. The flowers come mostly in threes and appear in May-July; they are pinkish-purple and 1.8-2.5 cm in diameter.

In some places the species forms large mats on flats or gentle loamy slopes with an open cover of quartz pebbles. According to the literature, it occurs in the Vredendal-Vanrhynsdorp area, but last year I also found plants in the northern half of the Knersvlakte.